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Ezinye izinja zithatha amayeza e-antiparasite ngaphandle kwemiba, ngelixa ezinye zikhulaukuhlanza kunye nesifo sohudo. Ungayinika inja yakho i-painkiller ngokobunzima bayo, kodwa ayinayo impembelelo okanye ishiya isilwanyana sakho esibulalayo. — Oku kunokwenzeka ukuba kunxulumene neIjini yokumelana namachiza amaninzi (MDR1)emzimbeni wenja.
Lo "mlawuli ungabonakaliyo" we-metabolism yeziyobisi ubambe isitshixo sokhuseleko lwamayeza kwizilwanyana zasekhaya, kunyeUvavanyo lwe-MDR1 yofuzo lwe-nucleic acidyindlela ebalulekileyo yokuvula le khowudi.
HAYI. 1
Isitshixo kuKhuseleko lwaMayeza: Imfuza ye-MDR1
Ukuze siqonde ukubaluleka kofuzo lwe-MDR1, kufuneka siqale sazi “umsebenzi wayo ongundoqo” - sisebenze njengomsebenzi wothutho we-metabolism yeziyobisi. I-MDR1 gene ilawula ukuhlanganiswa kwento ebizwa ngokuba yi-P-glycoprotein, esasazwa ikakhulu kumphezulu weeseli emathunjini, esibindini, nasezintso. Isebenza njengesikhululo esizinikeleyo sothutho lweziyobisi:
Emva kokuba inja ithatha iyeza, i-P-glycoprotein ipompoza iziyobisi ezingaphezulu kweeseli kwaye izikhupha ngeefesi okanye umchamo, ukukhusela ukuqokelela okuyingozi ngaphakathi komzimba. Ikwakhusela amalungu abalulekileyo anjengobuchopho nomongo wamathambo ngokunqanda ukungena ngokugqithisileyo kweziyobisi ezinokubangela umonakalo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-gene ye-MDR1 iyaguquka, lo "msebenzi wezothutho" uqala ukungasebenzi kakuhle. Inokusebenza ngokugqithisileyo, ukumpompa amachiza ngokukhawuleza kwaye kubangele ukungazinzi kwegazi okwaneleyo, ukunciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwechiza. Okanye inokuthi ingasebenzi kakuhle, ingakwazi ukucima iziyobisi ngexesha, ibangela ukuba iziyobisi ziqokelele kwaye zibangele iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana nokuhlanza okanye isibindi kunye nomonakalo wezintso.— Kungenxa yoko le nto izinja zinokuphendula ngokwahlukileyo kwiyeza elifanayo.
Okungakumbi malungakukuba izinto ezingaqhelekanga ze-MDR1 zisebenza “njengezigcayiseli” ezifihliweyo—ngokuqhelekileyo azibonakali de iyeza libangele umngcipheko. Ngokomzekelo, ezinye izinja zizalwa zineziphene zemfuza ye-MDR1, kunye needosi eziqhelekileyo zamachiza e-antiparasitic (afana ne-ivermectin) zingabangela i-ataxia okanye i-coma xa zinikezelwa besebancinci. Ezinye izinja ezinomsebenzi ogqithisileyo we-MDR1 zinokuba nengxaki yokuthomalalisa iintlungu ezisuka kwi-opioids naxa idosi echanekileyo ngokobunzima. Ezi ngxaki azibangelwa “ngamayeza amabi” okanye “izinja ezingasebenzisaniyo,” kodwa zibangelwa yimpembelelo yemfuza.
Kwinkqubo yonyango, izilwanyana zasekhaya ezininzi zinengxaki yokungaphumeleli kwezintso okanye ukonakala kwemithambo-luvo emva kokuthatha iyeza ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kwe-MDR1 kwangaphambili - okukhokelela kungekuphela nje kwiindleko zonyango eziphezulu kodwa nokubandezeleka okungeyomfuneko kwizilwanyana.
HAYI. 2
Uvavanyo lweMfuzo ukuThintela iiMngcipheko zoNyango
Uvavanyo lwe-Canine MDR1 yofuzo lwe-nucleic acid sisitshixo sokuqonda "imeko yomsebenzi" yalo mthuthi kwangaphambili. Ngokungafaniyo nohlolo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo - olufuna ukutsalwa kwegazi eliphindaphindiweyo emva kwamayeza - le ndlela ihlalutya ngokuthe ngqo imfuza ye-MDR1 yenja ukufumanisa ukuba iinguqu zikhona kwaye zeziphi iindidi.
Ingqiqo ilula kwaye iyafana novavanyo olubi lwe-hyperthermia yofuzo, olubandakanya amanyathelo amathathu aphambili:
1. Ukuqokelelwa kweSampuli:
Ngenxa yokuba i-MDR1 gene ikhona kuzo zonke iiseli, kufuneka isampuli encinci yegazi kuphela okanye i-oral swab.
2. Ukutsalwa kwe-DNA:
I-laboratory isebenzisa ii-reagents ezikhethekileyo ukuhlukanisa i-DNA yenja kwisampuli, ukususa iiprotheni kunye nobunye ukungcola ukufumana i-template ecocekileyo yofuzo.
3. Ukwandiswa kwePCR kunye noHlahlelo:
Ukusebenzisa i-probes ethile eyenzelwe iindawo eziphambili zokuguqula i-MDR1 (ezifana ne-canine nt230 [del4] yenguqu eqhelekileyo), i-PCR ikhulisa i-gene fragment ekujoliswe kuyo. Isixhobo ke sibona imiqondiso ye-fluorescent ukusuka kwiprobe ukumisela imeko yokuguquka kunye nempembelelo yokusebenza.
Yonke le nkqubo ithatha malunga neeyure ezi-1-3. Iziphumo zibonelela ngesikhokelo esithe ngqo koogqirha bezilwanyana, sivumela ukhetho lwamayeza olukhuselekileyo noluchanekileyo kunokuxhomekeka kulingo kunye nempazamo.
HAYI. 3
Iiyantlukwano zeMfuzo yendalo, uKhuseleko oluFumanayo lwamayeza
Abanini bezilwanyana zasekhaya banokuzibuza: Ngaba i-MDR1 engaqhelekanga iyazalwa okanye ifunyenwe?
Kukho izinto ezimbini eziphambili, kunye ne-genetics yeyona iphambili:
IiMpawu zeMfuzo eziKhethekileyo
Lo ngoyena nobangela uqhelekileyo. Amazinga okuguquguquka ahluka ngokubanzi kuzo zonke iindidi:
- IiCollies(kuquka i-Shetland Sheepdogs kunye ne-Border Collies) zinezinga eliphezulu kakhulu le-nt230[del4] yokuguquka - malunga ne-70% ye-purebred Collies ithwala esi siphene.
- Abelusi baseOstreliyakwayeIzinja zezimvu zamaNgesi amadalakwakhona bonisa amazinga aphezulu.
- Izala njengeChihuahuaskwayePoodlesbabe namazinga aphantsi otshintsho.
Oku kuthetha ukuba nokuba inja ayizange iwathathe amayeza, iintlobo ezisengozini enkulu zisenokuqhuba uguquko.
Amayeza kunye neempembelelo zokusiNgqongileyo
Ngelixa ijini ye-MDR1 ngokwayo izelwe, ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide okanye kakhulu kwamachiza athile “kunokusebenzisa” ukubonakaliswa kwemfuza okungaqhelekanga.
Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kwezinyeantibiotics(umzekelo, i-tetracyclines) okanyeimmunosuppressantsinokubangela imbuyekezo yokusebenza ngokugqithisileyo kwe-MDR1, ixelisa ukunganyangeki kwechiza nangaphandle koguquko lokwenyani.
Iikhemikhali ezithile zokusingqongileyo (ezifana nezongezo kwimveliso yezilwanyana zasekhaya ezikumgangatho ophantsi) zinokuchaphazela ngokungangqalanga uzinzo kumfuza.
Ufuzo lwemfuza lwe-MDR1 luchaphazela uluhlu olubanzi lwamayeza, kubandakanywa ii-antiparasitic agents, izithomalalisi zeentlungu, izibulala-zintsholongwane, amayeza echemotherapy, kunye namayeza anqanda ukuxhuzula. Umzekelo:
I-Collie ethwele isiphene inokuba nengxaki ye-neurotoxicity enzima nokuba kulandele umkhondo we-ivermectin.
Izinja ezine-MDR1 esebenzayo kakhulu zinokufuna iidosi ezihlengahlengisiweyo zamachiza e-antifungal kwizifo zolusu ukuze zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo.
Yiloo nto oogqirha bezilwanyana begxininisa kakhulu ekuhlolweni kwe-MDR1 phambi kokuba banikele ngenzala esemngciphekweni omkhulu.
Kubanikazi bezilwanyana zasekhaya, uvavanyo lwe-MDR1 ye-nucleic acid lubonelela ngokhuseleko olumbini lokhuseleko lwamayeza:
Ukuvavanywa kwezilwanyana ezisemngciphekweni omkhulu kwangethuba (umzekelo, ii-Collies) kubonisa ukuchasana namayeza ubomi bonke kwaye kuthintelwe ukutyhefa ngempazamo.
Izinja ezifuna amayeza exesha elide (njengeentlungu ezingapheliyo okanye ukuxhuzula) zinokuba needosi ezilungiswe ngokuchanekileyo.
Uvavanyo lokuhlangula okanye izinja ezixubeneyo zisusa ukungaqiniseki malunga nemingcipheko yemfuza.
Ixabiseke kakhulu kwizinja ezindala okanye kwezo zinezigulo ezingapheliyo, ezisoloko zifuna amayeza.
HAYI. 4
Ukwazi kwaPhambili kuthetha uKhuseleko oluNgcono
Ngokusekwe kwiziphumo zovavanyo, nazi iingcebiso ezintathu zokhuseleko lwamayeza:
Izilwanyana ezisemngciphekweni omkhulu kufuneka zibeke phambili uvavanyo.
IiCollies, abelusi base-Australia, kunye neentlobo ezifanayo kufuneka zigqibe uvavanyo lwe-MDR1 ngaphambi kweenyanga ezi-3 ubudala kwaye zigcine iziphumo kwifayile kunye nogqirha wabo wezilwanyana.
Ngalo lonke ixesha ubuza i-vet yakho malunga "nokuhambelana nofuzo" ngaphambi kokuba unike iyeza.
Oku kubalulekile kumachiza asemngciphekweni omkhulu njengamayeza e-antiparasite kunye neentlungu. Nokuba inja yenja yakho ayikho emngciphekweni omkhulu, imbali yokusabela kakubi ithetha ukuba uvavanyo lwemfuzo kufuneka luqwalaselwe.
Kuphephe ukuzinyanga ngokwakho ngamachiza amaninzi.
Amachiza awohlukeneyo anokukhuphisana kwiitshaneli zothutho ze-P-glycoprotein. Kwanofuzo oluqhelekileyo lwe-MDR1 lunokongamela, olukhokelela kukungalingani kwemetabolism kunye nokwanda kweengozi zetyhefu.
Ingozi yokuguqulwa kwe-MDR1 ilele ekungabonakali kwayo - efihliweyo ngaphakathi kolandelelwano lwemfuza, ingabonakali zimpawu de iyeza libangele ngokukhawuleza ingxaki.
Uvavanyo lwe-nucleic acid ye-MDR1 lusebenza njengesichongi esichanekileyo, sisinceda siqonde iimpawu zemetabolism yenja kwangaphambili. Ngokufunda indlela yayo kunye neepateni zelifa, ukwenza uvavanyo kwangethuba, kunye nokusebenzisa amayeza ngenkathalo, sinokuqinisekisa ukuba xa izilwanyana zethu zasekhaya zifuna unyango, zifumana uncedo olusebenzayo ngelixa zithintela imingcipheko yamayeza - zikhusela impilo yazo ngeyona ndlela inoxanduva.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-20-2025
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