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Iintsholongwane (iintsholongwane zebhayoloji) zizinto eziphilayo ezingezizo iiseli ezibonakala ngobukhulu obuncinci, ulwakhiwo olulula, kunye nobukho bohlobo olunye kuphela lwe-nucleic acid (i-DNA okanye i-RNA). Kufuneka zifunxe iiseli eziphilayo ukuze ziphindaphindeke kwaye zande. Xa zahlulwe kwiiseli zazo, iintsholongwane ziba ziikhemikhali ezingenamsebenzi wobomi kwaye azikwazi ukuziphindaphinda ngokwazo. Amandla azo okuphindaphinda, ukubhala, kunye nokuguqulela zonke zenziwa ngaphakathi kwiseli yomgcini. Ke ngoko, iintsholongwane zenza udidi olulodwa lwebhayoloji oluneempawu zeekhemikhali zeemolekyuli kunye neempawu ezisisiseko zebhayoloji; zikhona njengee-particles ezisulelayo zangaphandle kunye ne-intracellular replicating genetic entities.
Iintsholongwane nganye zincinci kakhulu, uninzi lwazo lubonakala kuphela phantsi kwe-electron microscope. Ezona zinkulu, ii-poxvirus, zimalunga nama-300 nanometers, ngelixa ezincinci, ii-circoviruses, zimalunga nama-17 nanometers ngobukhulu. Kuyaziwa ngokubanzi ukuba iintsholongwane ezininzi zibeka umngcipheko omkhulu kwimpilo yoluntu nakubomi, njenge-coronavirus entsha, i-hepatitis B virus (HBV), kunye ne-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iintsholongwane zebhayoloji nazo zibonelela ngezibonelelo ezithile ebantwini. Umzekelo, ii-bacteriophages zingasetyenziswa ukunyanga ezinye izifo zebhaktheriya, ngakumbi xa zijongene nee-superbugs apho ii-antibiotics ezininzi ziye zangasebenzi.
Ngokuqhwanyaza nje kweliso, kudlule iminyaka emithathu ukusukela oko kwaqala ubhubhane we-COVID-19. Nangona kunjalo, uvavanyo lwe-nucleic acid ludlulela ngaphaya kokufumanisa i-coronavirus entsha. Ngaphaya kwe-COVID-19, uvavanyo lwe-nucleic acid lusebenza njengomgangatho ogqwesileyo wokufumanisa ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo iintsholongwane ezininzi, lukhusela impilo yethu rhoqo. Ngaphambi kovavanyo lwe-nucleic acid, ukufumana ii-nucleic acids ze-viral ezisemgangathweni ophezulu nezicociweyo kakhulu kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kweenkqubo ezilandelayo zokuxilonga.
Intshayelelo yeMveliso
Isishwankathelo seMveliso:
Le khithi iqulethe ii-superparamagnetic beads kunye nee-buffers zokukhupha ezenziwe kwangaphambili, ezibonelela ngokulula, ukucutshungulwa ngokukhawuleza, isivuno esiphezulu, kunye nokuzala okugqwesileyo. I-DNA/RNA ye-genomic ephumayo ayinayo iproteni, i-nuclease, okanye olunye uphazamiseko olungcolisayo, ifanelekile kwi-PCR/qPCR, i-NGS, kunye nezinye izicelo zebhayoloji ye-molecular. Xa idibene neIntlanzi enkului-nucleic acid extractor esekelwe kwi-magnetic bead, ifanelekile kakhulu ekukhupheni ngokuzenzekelayo iisampulu ezinkulu.
Iimpawu zeMveliso:
Ukusetyenziswa kweSampuli eBanzi: Ifanelekile ekutsalweni kwe-nucleic acid kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo ye-DNA/RNA yentsholongwane, kuquka i-HCV, i-HBV, i-HIV, i-HPV, kunye neentsholongwane ezibangela izifo kwizilwanyana.
Iyakhawuleza kwaye ilula: Ukusebenza okulula kufuna ukongezwa kwesampulu kuphela ngaphambi kokucubungula ngomatshini, kususa isidingo samanyathelo amaninzi okucoca. Iyahambelana nee-extractors ze-nucleic acid ezizinikeleyo, ezilungele ngokukodwa ukucubungula isampuli ephezulu.
Ukuchaneka Okuphezulu: Inkqubo ye-buffer eyahlukileyo iqinisekisa ukuphinda-phinda okuhle xa kukhutshwa iisampulu zentsholongwane ezinoxinzelelo oluphantsi.
Izixhobo Ezihambelanayo:
Ulandelelwano lweBigFish BFEX-32E/BFEX-32/BFEX-96E
Ixesha leposi: Sep-04-2025
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